DIY solar water pump next to a pond

DIY Solar Water Pump: How It Works and Things to Consider

DIY solar water pump has become one of the most effective and pocket-friendly approaches for fulfilling the water needs in any garden. Getting such an uninterruptible water supply can help you irrigate crops, provide fountains, ponds, or swimming pools with fresh water, or even supply water to off-grid houses.

The low cost of setting up a DIY Solar water pump makes it an excellent one-time investment. You can even convert an electric fountain pump to a solar fountain. But how does it work, and what factors should you consider during the project?

Keep reading to find out!

What Is a DIY Solar Water Pump?

A DIY Solar water pump simply means setting up a solar-powered pumping system all by yourself (Do-It-Yourself).

A solar water pump runs on DC (Direct Current), which is different from normal electric pumps because they use AC (Alternating Current). Once the solar panels produce DC, it delivers to the controller and the pump.

In no time, water begins to pump out from the source. However, you’ll need a few components, tools, and materials to succeed with the project.

How Does Solar Water Pumping Work?

A DIY solar water pump comprises solar panels, a DC water pump, and a controller. They come in a separate system with a simple build. When appropriately wired and set up, the solar array generates DC electricity to the pump, bringing forth water in return.

Essentially, The solar panels collect photons from sunlight. Then the solar water pump converts the photons (sun’s rays) to the DC (direct current) that powers the motor to pump water from its source.

If the motor requires alternating current (AC) to operate, then there’s a need for an inverter. Since the system depends on sunlight energy for full operations, you may also need a backup battery. It will always come in handy at night or during cloudy days.

Knowing what a DIY solar pump is and how it works, it’s time to start the project. Don’t worry; the rest of this content will guide you through the processes.

Tips for Setting Up a DIY Solar Water Pump

DIY solar water pump is cost-effective. However, it can cost you a handsome of money when you pick poor-quality materials for the projects.

Here are some tips to remember to get the best out of this project.

Know the Materials You Need

When building a solar water pump system, you’ll need a DC water pump, solar panels, solar charge controller, or solar pump controller. Also, you’ll need a backup battery for support during cloudy days.

Choosing the materials depends on your water needs. For instance, if you need to supply your house or a deep well with water, you can use a submersible DC water pump with 270W power. The panels for the pump can be around 500W and will work perfectly. You may not need a backup battery, but it’s worth having.

For pond circulation or swimming pool, two solar panels with up to 350W will power a surface DC pump with a 500W pump power. A submersible 1500W pump for agricultural irrigation will work fine with five solar panels that can produce 400W each.

If you need water for an RV or boat circulation pump, an in-line 70W water pump with 10A or 12V pump controllers will work perfectly with a 100W solar panel. Here, you’ll need a 12V, 10Ah backup battery.

Choose a DC Water Pump

DC water pumps are the best solar water pumps. Apart from the advantages of AC pumps, solar water pumps with DC (direct current) don’t need any inverter. Also, they’re highly efficient, enabling them to pump more water than AC pumps.

Furthermore, DC pumps are very compatible with photovoltaic panels because the panels produce the DC electricity the pumps need. This ensures a highly efficient water pumping system as the water will pump directly without the need for converters.

Pick an Appropriate Pump Controller

The pump controller optimizes the electricity supply from the solar panel array to the solar water pump. It helps the pump to get the appropriate DC voltage and the highest current for utmost efficiency. Also, it controls and prevents power fluctuation in the solar pumping system.

Some controllers have a water sensor for automatic commands (Start/Stop). Some have Wi-Fi connections to help users monitor water progress, solar energy, etc., from different ranges.

When selecting the best pump controller for the solar pumping project, consider the MPPT solar pump controller. Its ability to harvest solar energy and connect to a backup battery in low sunlight makes it the best and most efficient solar pump controller.

Know the Power And Voltage of Your Electrical Materials

Knowing the volt and power of your solar panels, water pump, controller, and battery helps you to determine the most compatible materials for the project. For instance, if your solar water pump is 70W with a max current of 5.8A but works well at 12V, consider a 12V solar controller with a 10A max load.

Most times, several DC pumps come with pump-dedicated controllers. If your DC solar pump has a follow-come controller, you don’t have to get a new one. However, if the need arises, check the power and voltage for your pump, battery, and panels to help you find the perfect match.

Know the Right Number of PV Panels You Need

Making estimates in solar-based projects is not a good practice. Whether it’s about voltage, power, brand, or the number of panels, don’t estimate; instead, make comprehensive calculations.

For your solar pump project, you must understand your water needs, your location’s solar irradiation, and the operation span of the system. This is the best way to know the right number of panels you need.

If you want more water, your pump will operate longer. Thus you need more solar panels with more power.

Assuming you want to run a circulation pump for your pool. Let’s say 12 hours makes the day, and the pool’s capacity is 100m3 (26,500gal), equivalent to 8.3m3/hour (2,200gal/hour).

The maximum flow rate of a 500W solar pump is 18m3/hr (4,500gal/hr). Thus, it’ll take about 6 hours to pump water across the swimming pool.

The job will use up to 3kWh (6 hours x 500W) of electricity. With this calculation, you can now know the number of panels producing up to 3 kWh daily.

To make it easier, you can check the voltage output of your solar panels.

Have a Backup Battery

Adding a backup battery to your solar water pumping system depends on how you use the system. Circulation pumps or irrigation won’t need an additional battery. However, if you’re dealing with a storage tank, a boat, or an RV, you’ll need a battery to support your pump in cloudy conditions.

Once your solar array converts sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity, it’s automatically stored in the backup battery for future use.

Lithium batteries are highly recommendable as they’re more durable and efficient than lead-acid batteries. With a 12V, 10Ah lithium backup battery, you can initiate a water flow at any convenient time.

Use a Precise Angle When Hanging the Panels

Wrong panel angles can affect the performance of your DIY solar water. Whether it’s an off-grid house or an open field, you must hang the solar panels in a way there would be direct sunlight on them.

Find an angle between 30o and 45o degrees to ensure your solar pump gets the maximum efficiency from the solar pump system.

These are the tips for setting up a solar pump system for water supply.

Setting Up a Diy Solar Water Pump: Step-by-step Guide

Knowing the tips above, let’s set up a solar-powered water pumping station. Find the step-by-step guide below.

Gather Materials

Get the appropriate number of solar panels you need for the project. Get the best DC water pump that will work in various use cases (submersible, ground surface, or in-line).

If you have an AC pump, you’ll need an inverter to convert the current to an alternating electric current (AC). Bring pipes that will move the water from its source to your preferred destination (storage tank, purification system, farm for irrigation, etc.).

Most importantly, get a pump controller. It will regulate the power on and off of the water pump, increasing the life span of the pump. The controller will also protect the pump from electricity fluctuations and motor damage due to dry water sources.

Pick a Site for the Array and Pump

Explore your environment to find the best site for your water pump. Consider the water source in the area and its characteristics in terms of availability and quality. This will help you pick the perfect site for your project.

In the course, look out for a spot for the solar array. Advisably, keep the array in range with the pump. Since power loss can occur when current travels through a long distance, keeping the distance between your connections close, including the controller, the water pump, and the solar panels, is advisable.

Dig up and Install the Water Pump and Solar Array

After choosing the best site for your project, start digging based on your preferred water pump. For example, a submersible water pump can go as deep as 700ft to lift water, while a surface pump can work around 10 to 20ft deep.

After that, run the piping from the water pump to your preferred destinations (farm, pool, well, storage tank, etc.) and seal the ground where the pump is installed.

Dig the site you picked for installing your solar array. Consider digging a 2ftx2ftx2ft for the array to get a stronger base for the solar panels. After digging, construct the I-beams and C-channels to carry the solar panels.

Once you finish the construction, line up your panels and complete the wiring. Link the panels and connect them to the solar pump system and controller. In this stage, involve an experienced electrician to avoid wrong wire connections.

Consider a Backup

Consider connecting a battery to support the solar system during cloudy conditions. However, ensure that your controller supports battery charging. You can read the leaflet of the controller to learn more about it.

Once you have all these settings, your solar water pumping system is ready. Notice how water will pump out when the sun hits the panels. As mentioned earlier, this system will save you a lot of money.

FAQs

How Much Can This Solar Pump Project Cost?

The cost of setting up a DIY solar pump system will range between $300 to $3000, depending on the purpose of the system. For example, an RV or boat circulation pump will cost roughly $300 when you add $100 for a DC water pump, $70 for the controller, $130 for the solar array, and $100 for a battery.

How Many Watts of Panels Are Ideal for Pumping Water?

Depending on the pump power and voltage, 100-watt panels or 375-watt panels are recommendable. They are more efficient and will give you their best performance.

How Deep Can a Solar Pump Reach to Pump Water?

It depends on the kind of pump you’re working with. A surface or in-line pump can stay around 100 feet or shallow water level, while submersible pumps can go up to 400 feet deep.

Are there Disadvantages of Solar Pumping Systems?

The possible disadvantages of this system are that it depends on the levels of solar radiation and the cost of setting it up is quite expensive. Nevertheless, having one or more backup batteries can be your best bet. Furthermore, since the panels are in open fields, they’re prone to theft.

What Is the Life Span of Solar Pumps?

Solar pumps can last 10 to 20 years, based on their uses and types. Running the pump non-stop will cut down its lifespan. Thus, consider having a storage drum to hold water so you can turn off the system for some time.

solar powered water pump pumping up water on field

DIY solar water pump is a one-time investment. Initially, setting up is costly, but its use cases are worth it. Also, its environmental effect benefits humanity as it’s an eco-friendly project that produces no chemicals during operations.

Before setting up a DIY solar pump, remember a few tips. These include knowing the necessary materials, choosing your sites, and knowing the number of panels needed. With these, you can build a solar pump without hassles.

8 Community Choice Aggregators Join Forces to Purchase Power Through California Community Power

Community choice aggregators (CCAs) in Northern and Central California have joined forces to form a new Joint Powers Authority (JPA). The new JPA will include Central Coast Community Energy, MCE, East Bay Community Energy, San Jose Clean Energy, Redwood Coast Energy Authority, Sonoma Clean Power, Peninsula Clean Energy, and Silicon Valley Clean Energy. According to the group, CleanPowerSF and San Francisco’s CCA are seeking membership.

What is Community Choice Aggregation?

Well, let’s have a quick look at the video below:

The JPA makes it possible for the 8 Community choice aggregators to join their buying power to procure large-scale, cost-effective, and clean energy to meet the climate goals at the local and state levels. The combined buying power will also offer cost-effective programs and services.

Community choice aggregators have become a major player in the electricity markets in California. The CCAs are tasked with supplying electricity from the state’s investor-owned facilities to millions of customers. As the 8 CCAs come together, their goal is to buy large amounts of clean energy to advance climate goals.

The new group that forms California Community Power serves about 2.6 million customer accounts. In total, the CCAs serve an annual load of 32 600 GWh, which is about 40% of what the Northern California utility Pacific Gas & Electric serves.

According to a senior solar analyst at Wood Mackenzie, Colin Smith, this makes the joint buying group one of the biggest purchasers of power in the country. The group also serves about 6.6 million customers in more than 140 municipalities from Humboldt County to Santa Barbara County.

The group will allow different aggregators to collaborate on bigger energy procurements, which they would not have handled separately. This is especially true for smaller and new CCAs who may have difficulty getting financiers for their power projects.

However, joining forces with larger CCAs with investment-grade credit ratings will give them greater leverage, better deals, and confidence from developers. Other benefits of the JPA include increased innovation opportunities, enhanced negotiating power, shared risk mitigation, and greater procurements for renewable and storage.

In October, seven CCAs in the California Community Power and another CCA announced a request for offers for long-duration storage. The long-duration Request for Offers comprises a contract of at least 10 minimum for grid-charged technologies with a minimum discharge period of 8 hours to come online by 2026 or before.

According to the state regulators, the long-duration storage procurement is supposed to meet the clean energy goals of California. The JPA is currently steering that process for its seven members.

La Mesa Prepares to Launch Community Choice Power Program

La Mesa has partnered with four other cities to prepare the launching of the community choice energy program. The program is intended to provide a transition from renewable sources to clean energy to approximately 770,000 customers in La Mesa, San Diego, Imperial Beach, Encinitas, and Chula Vista.

The SDCP (San Diego Community Power) is set to be the second-largest CCA (community choice aggregation) program in California.  This program will be locally run and proponents believe that it will be the solution to providing the community with 100% renewable and cost-effective energy.

According to the California rules, San Diego Community Power customers will automatically be enrolled in the CCA program. Despite the establishment of CCA, incumbent power companies like SDG&E will continue to operate and provide services that are not associated with power purchasing.

This includes tasks such as customer billing and transmission and distribution of energy. SDGE will be responsible for purchasing renewable energy and then feed the energy into the electricity grid that is maintained by SDG&E. Besides, customers that prefer to remain with SDG&E can come out of San Diego Community Power (SDCP) for free.

David Harris, who is a resident of La Mesa and a member of the group’s 10-member Community Advisory Committee, expressed his gratitude to the city for publicizing the importance of San Diego Community Power to the city.

He also thanked the city of La Mesa for consenting to community choice energy for La Mesa in 2019. Harris said that once the program is launched, San Diego Community Power will give 50% more renewable energy to the electric grid compared to the SDG&E.

Harris said that the surplus revenue that San Diego Community Power will generate will be reinvested back to the community. This, he said, will create local jobs for skillful workers and fund renewable energy products.

According, Bill Carnaham, San Diego Community Power Interim Chief Executive Officer, the rates and service offerings will be structured such that they are in line with San Diego Gas & Electric.

During a presentation at La Mesa City Council, Carnaham and Cody Hooven, who is the Chief Operating Officer at San Diego Community Power said that one of the group’s goals was to attain 100% renewable energy by 2035. Attaining this goal will also help La Mesa to meet its goals of greenhouse gas reduction as stated in its Climate Action Plan for 2018.

Carnaham said that SDCP will send two notices to customers before they are enrolled and the other two notices after the service begins. The notices will include information that allows customers to opt out if they want to.

As aforementioned, the enrolment in the program is automatic. However, participation is voluntary. This is according to the statement of intent of the SDCP group that was filed in December 2019 with the California Public Utilities Commission.

To make the launching possible, the City of San Diego allocated half a million dollars from its 2019-2020 budget to support the program. The group has also taken a $30 million working capital loan and a $5 million bank loan for the purchase.

Energy Saving: EBCE Comes Up with Holistic Approach to Energy Saving

The EBCE is taking steps towards achieving a zero-emission power system in the next decade. Despite this move, one of the challenges is the evening peak. While it is easy to meet the power demand in the daytime when the sun is up, it becomes a challenge in the evening when the sun goes down.

There is a need for something else to meet the demand in the evening hours. The peak hours are expensive times for EBCE customers to buy power. However, the most viable solution that can help fill the gap is to burn natural gas. This can be a setback since it is not zero-emission.

Pay for Performance

To ensure energy saving, EBCE has come up with a new approach known as Pay for Performance. EBCE uses this approach to compensate energy efficiency contractors depending on their capabilities to cut or reduce demand in the evening hours. The approach is also set to give verified savings to targeted customers.

By saving energy during peak hours, EBCE will help save money for everyone. EBCE developed pilot programs for the Pay for Performance approach in 2019, which was intended for low-income residential customers, single-family residential, and commercial customers.

In-house Data Capabilities

To help with the entire process, EBCE hired the Recurve Company, which was responsible for developing a dashboard that builds on the in-house data capabilities of EBCE. The dashboard helps to analyze customer loads comprehensively. It then creates baselines and keeps track of how the loads change based on the energy measures.

For EBCE to get the highest value, a constant stream of sub-hourly data from the smart meters is constantly fed into the dashboard. This also allows EBCE to reach customers that would greatly benefit from the program.

Generally, a red dotted line will represent the general population and a blue line for those with high demand during peak hours. The program makes it easy to filter customers with high demand during peak hours from the general population. Consequently, the program is now able to target customers that have the most potential to save.

The Low-Income Pilot

According to the program manager for building electrification and energy efficiency at EBCE, Beckie Mentem, the low-income pilot has enabled them to identify customers on rate discount programs like FERA or CARE that utilize massive energy during peak hours low-income pilot.

She went on to say that some households in the low-income category use nearly 12% of their income on energy. This, she says, is higher than what most wealthy customers use. Basically, the program will help customers lower the proportion of their energy use to their monthly income, helping them save on their energy costs.

Mentem was quick to note that providing efficiency improvements meant for cutting the demand during peak hours will significantly lower their bills. It will also ensure a seamless time-of-use rates transition set to phase this year and lower the need for EBCE to provide power during peak hours. She said that this would help save money for all their customers.

Advocates Against Indiana Move to Curb Solar

On Wednesday, the Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission (IURC) gave a ruling that will see customer-owned solar inaccessible for Vectren customers. The move will reduce the credit that future-solar owners, who are served by Vectren, will receive. IURC decision will also change the period for earning credits, meaning that customer-owned solar will be credited at the new lower rate.

The IURC oversees five investor-owned utilities in the state including Vectren Energy, Indiana Michigan Power, Duke Energy, Northern Indiana Public Service Company, and Indianapolis Power and Light.

The INA broad alliance of solar, environmental, and consumer advocates of Indiana have condemned the ruling.  According to the advocates, the decision is a great setback for the customer-owned solar market in Indiana. The coalition of advocates has put a lot in environmental and consumer outcomes in regions like Indiana, the Midwest, and the nation.

The ruling will solidify the monopoly of CenterPoint and this will be a major setback for customer-owned solar in the territory. It will have a negative impact on the consumers in Southwest Indiana.

In 2015, Indiana lawmakers tried to pass a bill that aimed to decrease the payback for net-metered solar. The bill also aimed at allowing state utilities to add new bill charges. However, the bill was pulled down before it could even reach a vote.

The solar industry and advocates are concerned that the ruling favors monopolies and puts unfair burdens on rooftop customers.

According to Indiana Program Director at Solar United Neighbors, Zach Schalk, solar owners are entitled to fair value as compensation for the electricity they generate. Zach said that rooftop solar harvests sunshine to give clean electricity, which benefits all customers.

He went on to say that they are disappointed by the IURC’s ruling to protect the monopoly profits of Vectren at the expense of Hoosier. He believes that the IURC should have stood up for the consumers by supporting rooftop solars.

In response to IURC’s rulings, Kerwin Olson, who is the executive director at Citizens Action Coalition of Indiana this is another scenario of the consumers losing at the IURC and the monopolies winning. Kerwin said that it is shortsighted decisions like the one IURC made that continuously leave Indiana consumers behind and entire Indiana in the dark for ages.

A senior attorney at Environmental Law & Policy Center, Brad Klein made his remarks saying that they are very disappointed that the IURC chose to prioritize the profits of Vectren over the interests of its customers. He went on to say that the decision of the IURC is contrary to Indiana law.

Emphasis: Power’s Regulatory Director, Thomas Brown said that the move is a setback for Indiana and its community. He said that families and businesses in Southern Indiana desire to have clean energy but this is proving difficult because of the IURC decision.

He said that the ruling prevents fair compensation for companies that have invested in local solar. He was also quick to note that Indiana was moving backward as parts of the Midwest invest in clean energy and take steps to modernize electric grid.

Ultimately, there is no denying that curbing customer-owned solar will cripple the solar industry that serves them as well. It limits the customer’s choice when it comes to their source of energy and their ability to be self-sufficient. Solar installers are arguably the fastest-growing jobs in the U.S and a good number of the jobs are in Indiana.

However, with the move to curb solar in Indiana, installers may need to expand their business to other states to be able to survive. Businesses may be forced to move their businesses to other states or lay off employees.

2021 Nominations for the Dr. Espanola Jackson Solar Justice Award Open

Emphasis: Power is pleased to announce that nominations for the Dr. Espanola Jackson Solar Justice Award are open. The award is set to celebrate outstanding solar justice heroes in honor of the legacy of Dr. Espanola Jackson.

The late Dr. Espanola Jackson was a renowned environmental justice leader and solar ambassador for families with low income. She was a dedicated grassroots community activist that worked tirelessly to ensure economic justice, environmental justice, and that the civil rights issues of the community are addressed.

She made a great impact in the state of California, particularly Bayview Hunters Point Community and San Francisco. She was recognized and honored by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for the environmental impact she made in the country.

She collaborated on several projects such as coming up with a solar incentive plan for the residents of San Francisco. Dr. Espanola also advocated for the rights of tenants in the low-income category and was involved in the shutting down of the Potrero Power Plant.

Community activist Espanola Jackson died at the age of 82-years-old and left a legacy that will live on. To celebrate Dr. Espanola Jackson, Emphasis: Power is proud to recognize and honor great solar justice heroes in our community today with the Dr. Espanola Jackson Solar Justice Award.

The award recognizes individuals who are:

  • Leaders who have served their communities for a long time anywhere in the US
  • Great coalition builders who can mobilize their support in and around their community
  • Committed to improving the health and well-being of people in their communities using solar energy
  • Able to influence the local or state energy policy agenda by way of direct grassroots advocacy
  • Working at crossroads to ensure access to clean energy & racial justice
  • Dedicated to put a stop to the polluting energy economy and use clean energy opportunities to promote health, jobs, and more savings to people in their community

The aim of giving this award is to honor the important role of activism that is geared towards the community by people of color who are committed to environmental progress and clean energy transition.

The recipients of this award are individuals that practice environmental justice leadership and offer inspiration to the community to embrace the clean energy transition. They are role models when it comes to environmental justice leadership and a great inspiration to the public to work and support the move to a just clean energy transition.

Usually, Emphasis: Power holds this event in San Francisco. However, this year, the event will be celebrated virtually due to the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. The timeline of the award process is as follows:

  • Nominations Open: April 7th
  • Nominations Close: May 3rd
  • Nominees give limelight on our platform: During May
  • Winner Announced: June 9th
  • Virtual Reception: July 14th

All nominations sent for award consideration will be reviewed by a committee that includes Emphasis: Power staff and other people that worked with Dr. Espanola Jackson closely.

During the virtual event, Emphasis: Power will recognize the awardee and gift $5,000 to their organization.

Solar Customers in Kansas Will Get Refunds

The Kansas Corporation Commission (KCC) held its regular business meeting on April 8, 2021. During the meeting, the corporation voted unanimously requiring Evergy to give refund to solar customers.

According to the order, the commission reviewed the legal authority that was mentioned by the Solar Group and was convinced that the solar customers are entitled to the refunds. The commission requires Evergy to give refunds to the DG solar customers after the company placed them on the Distributed Generation Residential Standard rate. This was based on what the customers would have paid on the Residential Standard rate.

The chairman of the commission, French said that it was important to consider new ways to address the issue. He went on to say that other states have considered the value of Solar Studies and this approach has worked well since it does not assume an outcome.

Commissioner Susan Duffy also echoed the same sentiments saying that she hoped the parties would use this time to consider more modern ways to tackle the issue. Based on the order, it was clear that the commission requires the stakeholders to come together and look for a holistic approach to move forward.

Solar advocates also requested to allow solar users to choose any Residential Standard rate. Following this, Evergy agreed to the request to allow solar customers to choose any rate.

However, the company made an exemption of the Time of Use (TOU) pilot saying that there would be difficulty with the rate and the net metering. The Kansas Corporation Commission approved their offer.

The Commission also made remarks regarding the Petition for Reconsideration and Clarification by Electric Companies. The Commission said that only an added service like exporting would be justified for an added fee like the proposed grid access charge. This, therefore, means that Evergy will not charge their solar customers discriminatory charges moving forward.

Apart from the Evergy Central customers, we also believe that the demand charges should also be removed for their other Kansa customers. Emphasis: Power is committed to working with the commission to ensure solar power is made accessible in Kansas.